By using something the student already knows as the point of departure, the instructor can lead into new ideas and concepts. In developing the theory of flight, for example, many instructors begin by using the simple illustration of putting a hand out of the window of a moving car or drawing a parallel to the action of a kite.

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Most Frequently Used to Least Frequently Used

In some subjects, certain information or concepts are common to all who use the material. This fourth organizational pattern starts with common usages before progressing to the rarer ones. In a course on navigational proficiency, students may start by learning dead reckoning procedures, which become the basis for their study of other forms of navigation, such as VOR or RNAV.
Under each main point in a lesson plan, the subordinate points should lead naturally from one to the other. Meaningful transitions from one main point to the next keep the students oriented and aware of where they have been and where they are going.
3.2.1.3 Conclusion
The conclusion should include review, remotivation, evaluation, and closure. The review retraces the important elements of the lesson and relates them to the objective in order to reinforce the students' learning and help them retain what they have learned. The purpose of remotivation is to instill in the students a desire to make use of what they have just learned. The evaluation, whether formal or informal, informs the students of their progress. The closure may be a quotation, a concise statement, or any other device which will serve as a conclusion. The closing statement may be designed to incorporate the remotivation step.
3.3 LECTURE METHOD
When organization of the material is complete, the method of presentation is the next decision to be made. One of the methods frequently used is the lecture method. Although the trend in education is away from the lecture and toward more involved activity for the student, certain times and situations still point to the lecture as the most suitable instructional approach. It is used primarily to introduce new material, but it also is a valuable method for summarizing ideas, showing relationships between theory and practice, and reemphasizing main points.