時(shí)間：2011-04-18 00:50來(lái)源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點(diǎn)擊：次
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3.Attention all aircraft, Kansas City Center weather advisory one zero three. Numerous reports of moderate to severe icing from eight to niner thousand feet in a three zero mile radius of St. Louis. Light or negative icing reported from four thousand to one two thousand feet remainder of Kansas City Center area. NOTE. Terminal control facilities have the option to limit the AWW, convective SIGMET, SIGMET, or CWA broadcast as follows: local control and approach control positions may opt to broadcast SIGMET or CWA alerts only when any part of the area described is within 50 miles of the airspace under their jurisdiction. b. Hazardous Inflight Weather Advisory Ser-vice (HIWAS). This is a continuous broadcast of inflight weather advisories including summarized AWW, SIGMETs, Convective SIGMETs, CWAs, AIRMETs, and urgent PIREPs. HIWAS has been adopted as a national program and will be implemented throughout the conterminous U.S. as resources permit. In those areas where HIWAS is commissioned, ARTCC, Terminal ATC, and AFSS/ FSS facilities have discontinued the broadcast of inflight advisories as described in the preceding paragraph. HIWAS is an additional source of hazardous weather information which makes these data available on a continuous basis. It is not, however, a replacement for preflight or inflight briefings or real-time weather updates from Flight Watch (EFAS). As HIWAS is implemented in individual center areas, the commissioning will be advertised in the Notices to Airmen Publication. 1. Where HIWAS has been implemented, a HIWAS alert will be broadcast on all except emergency frequencies once upon receipt by ARTCC and terminal facilities, which will include an alert announcement, frequency instruction, number, and type of advisory updated; e.g., AWW, SIGMET, Convective SIGMET, or CWA. EXAMPLE. Attention all aircraft. Hazardous weather information (SIGMET, Convective SIGMET, AIRMET, Urgent Pilot Weather Report (UUA), or Center Weather Advisory (CWA), Number or Numbers) for (geographical area) available on HIWAS, Flight Watch, or Flight Service frequencies. 2. In HIWAS ARTCC areas, AFSS/FSSs will broadcast a HIWAS update announcement once on all except emergency frequencies upon completion of recording an update to the HIWAS broadcast. Included in the broadcast will be the type of advisory updated; e.g., AWW, SIGMET, Convective SIGMET, CWA, etc. EXAMPLE. Attention all aircraft. Hazardous weather information for (geographical area) available from Flight Watch or Flight Service. 3. HIWAS availability is shown on IFR Enroute Low Altitude Charts and VFR Sectional Charts. The symbol depiction is identified in the chart legend. 7.1.20 Meteorology 7.1.11. Flight Information Services (FIS)a. FIS. Aviation weather and other operational information may be displayed in the cockpit through the use of FIS. FIS systems are of two basic types: Broadcast only systems (called FIS.B) and two.way request/reply systems. Broadcast system components include a ground. or space.based transmitter, an aircraft receiver, and a portable or installed cockpit display device. Two.way systems utilize transmitter/ receivers at both the ground. or space.based site and the aircraft. 1.Broadcast FIS (i.e., FIS.B) allows the pilot to passively collect weather and other operational data and to display that data at the appropriate time. In addition to textual weather products such as Aviation Routine Weather Reports (METARs)/ Aviation Selected Special Weather Reports (SPECIs) and Terminal Area Forecasts (TAFs), graphical weather products such as radar composite/mosaic images, temporary flight restricted airspace and other NOTAMs may be provided to the cockpit. Two.way FIS services permit the pilot to make specific weather and other operational information requests for cockpit display. A FIS service provider will then prepare a reply in response to that specific request and transmit the product to that specific aircraft. 2.FIS services are available from four types of service providers: (a)A private sector FIS provider operating under service agreement with the FAA using broadcast data link over VHF aeronautical spectrum and whose products have been reviewed and accepted by the FAA prior to transmission. (Products and services are defined under subparagraph c.)(b)Through an FAA operated service using a broadcast data link on the ADS.B UAT network. (Products and services are defined under subpara-graph d.)(c)Private sector FIS providers operating under customer contracts using aeronautical spec-trum. (d)Private sector FIS providers operating under customer contract using methods other than aeronautical spectrum, including Internet data.to. the.cockpit service providers. 3. FIS is a method of receiving aviation weather and other operational data in the cockpit that AIM augments traditional pilot voice communication with FAA’s Flight Service Stations (FSSs), ATC facilities, or Airline Operations Control Centers (AOCCs). FIS is not intended to replace traditional pilot and controller/flight service specialist/aircraft dispatcher pre.flight briefings or inflight voice communica-tions. FIS; however, can provide textual and graphical background information that can help abbreviate and improve the usefulness of such communications. FIS enhances pilot situational awareness and improves safety. 4. To ensure airman compliance with Federal Aviation Regulations, manufacturer’s operating manuals should remind airmen to contact ATC controllers, FSS specialists, operator dispatchers, or airline operations control centers for general and mission critical aviation weather information and/or NAS status conditions (such as NOTAMs, Special Use Airspace status, and other government flight information). If FIS products are systemically modified (for example, are displayed as abbreviated plain text and/or graphical depictions), the modifica-tion process and limitations of the resultant product should be clearly described in the vendor’s user guidance. b. Operational Use of FIS. Regardless of the type of FIS system being used, several factors must be considered when using FIS: |
