4.5.4 Surveillance Systems
FIG 4.5.3
NAS Stage A Controllers View Plan Display
This figure illustrates the controller’s radar scope (PVD) when operating in the full automation (RDP) mode, which is normally 20 hours per day.
(When not in automation mode, the display is similar to the broadband mode shown in the ARTS III radar scope figure. Certain ARTCCs outside the contiguous U.S. also operate in “broadband” mode.)Surveillance Systems 4.5.5
EXAMPLE. Target symbols:
1.Uncorrelated primary radar target [0] [+]
2.Correlated primary radar target [x] *See note below.
3.Uncorrelated beacon target [ / ]
4.Correlated beacon target [ \ ]
5.Identing beacon target [三]
*Note: in Number 2 correlated means the association of radar data with the computer projected track of an identified aircraft.
Position symbols:
6.Free track (no flight plan tracking) [.]
7.Flat track (flight plan tracking) [.]
8.Coast (beacon target lost) [#]
9.Present position hold [ x]
Data block information:
10.Aircraft ident *See note below.
11.Assigned altitude FL 280, Mode C altitude same or
within : 200’ of assigned altitude. *See note below.
12.Computer ID #191, handoff is to sector 33
 (0.33 would mean handoff accepted) *See note below.
13.Assigned altitude 17,000’, aircraft is climbing, Mode C readout was 14,300 when last beacon interroga-tion was received.
14.Leader line connecting target symbol and data block
15.Track velocity and direction vector line (projected ahead of target)16.Assigned altitude 7,000, aircraft is descending, last Mode C readout (or last reported altitude) was 100’ above FL 230
17.Transponder code shows in full data block only when different than assigned code
18.Aircraft is 300’ above assigned altitude
19.Reported altitude (no Mode C readout) same as assigned. (An “n” would indicate no reported altitude.)20.Transponder set on emergency Code 7700 (EMRG flashes to attract attention)21.Transponder Code 1200 (VFR) with no Mode C
22.Code 1200 (VFR) with Mode C and last altitude readout
23.Transponder set on radio failure Code 7600 (RDOF flashes)24.Computer ID #228, CST indicates target is in coast status
25.Assigned altitude FL 290, transponder code (these two items constitute a “limited data block”)*Note: numbers 10, 11, and 12 constitute a “full data block”
Other symbols:
26.Navigational aid
27.Airway or jet route
28.Outline of weather returns based on primary radar. “H” represents areas of high density precipitation which might be thunderstorms. Radial lines indicated lower density precipitation.
29.Obstruction
30.Airports
Major:
Small:
4.5.6 Surveillance Systems
4.5.3. Surveillance Radar
a. Surveillance radars are divided into two general categories: Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR) and Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR).
1.ASR is designed to provide relatively short-range coverage in the general vicinity of an airport and to serve as an expeditious means of handling terminal area traffic through observation of precise aircraft locations on a radarscope. The ASR can also be used as an instrument approach aid.
2.ARSR is a long-range radar system designed primarily to provide a display of aircraft locations over large areas.
3.Center Radar Automated Radar Terminal Systems (ARTS) Processing (CENRAP) was devel-oped to provide an alternative to a nonradar environment at terminal facilities should an ASR fail or malfunction. CENRAP sends aircraft radar beacon target information to the ASR terminal facility equipped with ARTS. Procedures used for the separation of aircraft may increase under certain conditions when a facility is utilizing CENRAP because radar target information updates at a slower rate than the normal ASR radar. Radar services for VFR aircraft are also limited during CENRAP operations because of the additional workload required to provide services to IFR aircraft.
b. Surveillance radars scan through 360 degrees of azimuth and present target information on a radar display located in a tower or center. This information is used independently or in conjunction with other navigational aids in the control of air traffic.
4.5.4. Precision Approach Radar (PAR)a.PAR is designed for use as a landing aid rather than an aid for sequencing and spacing aircraft. PAR equipment may be used as a primary landing aid (See Chapter 5, Air Traffic Procedures, for additional information), or it may be used to monitor other types of approaches. It is designed to display range, azimuth, and elevation information.
b.Two antennas are used in the PAR array, one scanning a vertical plane, and the other scanning
AIM
horizontally. Since the range is limited to 10 miles, azimuth to 20 degrees, and elevation to 7 degrees, only the final approach area is covered. Each scope is divided into two parts. The upper half presents altitude and distance information, and the lower half presents azimuth and distance.
4.5.5. Airport Surface Detection Equipment . Model X (ASDE.X)a. The Airport Surface Detection Equipment . Model X (ASDE.X) is a multi.sensor surface surveillance system the FAA is acquiring for airports in the United States. This system will provide high resolution, short.range, clutter free surveillance information about aircraft and vehicles, both moving and fixed, located on or near the surface of the airport’s runways and taxiways under all weather and visibility conditions. The system consists of: