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To stop the rearward movement, apply forward cyclic and hold it until the helicopter stops. As the motion stops, return the cyclic to the neutral position. Also, as in the case of forward and sideward hovering flight, opposite cyclic can be used to level the helicopter and let it drift to a stop.
COMMON ERRORS
1 Exaggerated movement of the cyclic resulting in overcontrolling and an uneven movement over the surface.
2 Failure to use the antitorque pedals properly, resulting in excessive heading change.
3 Failure to maintain desired hovering altitude.
4 Failure to maintain proper r.p.m.
5 Failure to make sure the area is clear prior to starting the maneuver.
TAXIING
Taxiing refers to operations on, or near the surface of taxiways or other prescribed routes. In helicopters, there are three different types of taxiing.
along the surface. Use the antitorque pedals to maintain heading and the cyclic to maintain ground track. The collective controls starting, stopping, and speed while taxiing. The higher the collective pitch, the faster the taxi speed; however, you should not taxi faster than a brisk walk. If your helicopter is equipped with brakes, use them to help you slow down. Do not use the cyclic to control groundspeed.
During a crosswind taxi, hold the cyclic into the wind a sufficient amount to eliminate any drifting movement.
COMMON ERRORS
1 Improper use of cyclic.
2 Failure to use antitorque pedals for heading control.
3 Improper use of the controls during crosswind operations.
4 Failure to maintain proper r.p.m.
NORMAL TAKEOFF FROM A HOVER
A normal takeoff from a hover is an orderly transition to forward flight and is executed to increase altitude safely and expeditiously. During the takeoff, fly a profile that avoids the cross-hatched or shaded areas of the height-velocity diagram.
TECHNIQUE
Refer to figure 9-8 (position 1). Bring the helicopter to a hover and make a performance check, which includes power, balance, and flight controls. The power check should include an evaluation of the amount of excess power available; that is, the difference between the power being used to hover and the power available at the existing altitude and temperature conditions. The balance condition of the helicopter is indicated by the position of the cyclic when maintaining a stationary hover. Wind will necessitate some cyclic deflection, but there should not be an extreme deviation from neutral. Flight controls must move freely, and the helicopter should respond normally. Then visually clear the area all around.
Start the helicopter moving by smoothly and slowly easing the cyclic forward (position 2). As the helicopter starts to move forward, increase the collective, as necessary, to prevent the helicopter from sinking and adjust the throttle to maintain r.p.m. The increase in power requires an increase in the proper antitorque pedal to maintain heading. Maintain a straight takeoff path throughout the takeoff. As you accelerate through effective translational lift (position 3), the helicopter begins to climb and the nose tends to rise due to increased lift. At this point adjust the collective to obtain normal climb power and apply enough forward cyclic to overcome the tendency of the nose to rise. At position 4, hold an attitude that allows a smooth acceleration toward climbing airspeed and a commensurate gain in altitude so that the takeoff profile does not take you through any of the cross-hatched or shaded areas of the height-velocity diagram. As airspeed increases (position 5), the streamlining of the fuselage reduces engine torque effect, requiring a gradual reduction of antitorque pedal pressure. As the helicopter continues to climb and accelerate to best rate of climb, apply aft cyclic pressure to raise the nose smoothly to the normal climb attitude.
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